Buyer Behavior: Starbucks Essay

1. Interview Conversation directed to a definite purpose other than satisfaction in the conversation itself. (Market Intelligence) The main advantage is that they normally achieve a high response rate and that the likely level of error being introduced into the research result is low. 2. Focus group discussion A small group of people, considered to be representative of the target segment, invited to openly discuss products or issues at their leisure time in a relaxed environment. (Market Intelligence) This method is useful in providing a qualitative data. It is inexpensive to conduct, it can be done quickly, and it can provide useful, timely, qualitative data. It usually consists with 8 to 10 respondents and the interviewer taking the role of group moderator. 3. Projective techniques The objective of projective test is to delve below the surface responses in order to obtain true feelings, meaning, or motivations. (Market Intelligence) 4. Observation It involves the personal and mechanical monitoring activities. It records actions as they occur and thus there is no lack of accuracy caused by a respondent’s faulty recollection of their past actions or inadequate estimate of future ones. (Market Intelligence) 5. Telephone research Telephone research is relatively fast and low cost of gathering data. It is most useful when only a small amount of information is required. The advantages of this method are a wide geographical range, efficient, high response rate, modification question is possible. The disadvantages are a biased result, higher refusal rate, short interview, and no visual aids. (Market Intelligence) 6. Interview survey The survey approach involves asking question of the target market or population. To obtain data, it is usually necessary to obtain a sample to provide an estimate of the characteristic of the entire population. This is qualitative or motivational research and provides information on behavior and attitude. (Market Intelligence) 7. Postal research questionnaires Questionnaire is the primary tool of marketing research, a devise for delivering question to respondents and recording their answers. (Market Intelligence) The advantages are low cost, no interviewer bias, questionnaire length. The disadvantages are lack control of respondents and if the company find wrong customer than it will get wrong information. (Market Intelligence) †¢ Secondary data Starbucks purchases high-quality bean coffees and sells them along with fresh, rich-brewed, Italian style espresso beverages, a variety of pastries and confections, and coffee-related accessories and equipment. In addition to sales through our company-operated retail stores, Starbucks sells bean coffees through a specialty sales group and supermarkets. The Company’s objective is to establish Starbucks as the most recognized and respected brand in the world. In the 2002, Starbucks has branched to Indonesia and MAP is the one who won the master of licensing agreement in Indonesia. There are already more than 50 stores in Indonesia and the company is growing fast. The coffees that the company sells in Indonesia are from Colombia, Mexico, Kenya, New Guinea, Sumatra and Sulawesi. The menus are not much different than any other Starbucks store all over the world. The mission statement: 1. Provide a great work environment and treat each other with respect and dignity 2. Embrace diversity as an essential component in the way we do business 3. Apply the highest standard of excellence to the purchasing, roasting, and fresh delivery of our coffee 4. Develop enthusiastically satisfaction customers all the time 5. Contribute positively to our communities and our environment 6. recognize that profitability is essential to our future success †¢ Market research findings In Indonesia, most of people are already used to drink coffee and become a habit for some people, especially for older men. This is one of the benefits that make Starbucks as a successful coffee store in Indonesia. Starbucks also create a strong image for a modern and trendy coffee drinker for their customers. This is the reason not only mature men will purchase the product, but also women and even younger generation. The price for Starbucks are quite expensive than the competitor. The environment of the store is cozy, relaxing working environment with calm colors decoration, and using wood material with simple style as their furniture decoration to create a minimalist natural. The workers in the store are friendly with a little dynamic attitude. The manager is a full time workers and the age is between 25 up to 40 years old. The counter staff are usually a part timer and the age is between 17 up to 30 years old. There are some segmentation for their target market, such as young customer, young executive, executive and expatriate. Young customers are between 16 up to 23 years old. They usually prefer cold coffee drinks or blend coffee drinks, such as iced coffee latte, caramel frappuccino, blended milk green tea, etc. Young executive customers are between 24 up to 30 years old. They usually prefer cold coffee drinks, blended coffee drinks and brew coffee Executive customers are between 31-55 years old. They prefer brewed coffee and iced coffee rather than blend coffee Expatriate customers are between 40 to 55 years old. Most of them only like brewed coffee. †¢ Marketing research plan The research plan that I would recommend for Starbucks is using questionnaires, focus group discussion, and observation. 1. Questionnaires A questionnaire is the easiest method to gather data. It is low cost, no interviewer bias, questionnaire length is variable. The questionnaires that conduct in the Starbucks store are already implemented. This will be affective if we also do questionnaires for the competitors’ customers. The questionnaires objectives are to know what the most popular product competitor is, why the customer prefer the competitor store than Starbucks, and what competitor thinks about Starbucks. 2. Observation The observation will be conducted in the competitors’ stores. It is the simple way to know the strengths and weaknesses of the competitor. Through this method, the company also can know the opportunities and the threats that caused by the competitor. The purpose of observation is to recognize which the most popular product in the target market is. Also what kind of varieties the competitors offer and the buying habit of target consumers. 3. Focus Group discussion After conducting questionnaires, researcher would have a quantitative result. To go deeper into the core issue, a focus group discussion should be conducted. This method is useful in providing a qualitative data. It is inexpensive to conduct, it can be done quickly, and it can provide useful, timely, qualitative data. I would recommend 5-10 respondents which consist of Starbucks and competitors customers.

Nobel Prizes in Chemistry Essay

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded 104 times to 163 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2012. Frederick Sanger is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice, in 1958 and 1980. This means that a total of 162 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Click on the links to get more information. 2012 – Robert J. Lefkowitz and Brian K. Kobilka â€Å"for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors† 2011 – Dan Shechtman â€Å"for the discovery of quasicrystals† 2010 – Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki â€Å"for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis† 2009 – Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz and Ada E. Yonath â€Å"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome† 2008 – Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie and Roger Y. Tsien â€Å"for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP† 2007 – Gerhard Ertl â€Å"for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces† 2006 – Roger D. Kornberg â€Å"for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription† 2005 – Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock â€Å"for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis† 2004 – Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose â€Å"for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation† 2003 â€Å"for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes† 2003 – Peter Agre â€Å"for the discovery of water channels† 2003 – Roderick MacKinnon â€Å"for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels† 2002 â€Å"for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules† 2002 – John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka â€Å"for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules† 2002 – Kurt Wà ¼thrich â€Å"for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution† 2001 – William S. Knowles and Ryoji Noyori â€Å"for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions† 2001 – K. Barry Sharpless â€Å"for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions† 2000 – Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa â€Å"for the discovery and development of conductive polymers† 1999 – Ahmed H. Zewail â€Å"for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy† 1998 – Walter Kohn â€Å"for his development of the density-functional theory† 1998 – John A. Pople â€Å"for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry† 1997 – Paul D. Boyer and John E. Walker â€Å"for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)† 1997 – Jens C. Skou â€Å"for the first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase† 1996 – Robert F. Curl Jr., Sir Harold W. Kroto and Richard E. Smalley â€Å"for their discovery of fullerenes† 1995 – Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina and F. Sherwood Rowland â€Å"for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone† 1994 – George A. Olah â€Å"for his contribution to carbocation chemistry† 1993 â€Å"for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based chemistry† 1993 – Kary B. Mullis â€Å"for his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method† 1993 – Michael Smith â€Å"for his fundamental contributions to the establishment of oligonucleotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies† 1992 – Rudolph A. Marcus â€Å"for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems† 1991 – Richard R. Ernst â€Å"for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy† 1990 – Elias James Corey â€Å"for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis† 1989 – Sidney Altman and Thomas R. Cech â€Å"for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA† 1988 – Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber and Hartmut Michel â€Å"for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre† 1987 – Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn and Charles J. Pedersen â€Å"for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity† 1986 – Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee and John C. Polanyi â€Å"for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes† 1985 – Herbert A. Hauptman and Jerome Karle â€Å"for their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures† 1984 – Robert Bruce Merrifield â€Å"for his development of methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix† 1983 – Henry Taube â€Å"for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes† 1982 – Aaron Klug â€Å"for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes† 1981 – Kenichi Fukui and Roald Hoffmann â€Å"for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions† 1980 – Paul Berg â€Å"for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA† 1980 – Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger â€Å"for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids† 1979 – Herbert C. Brown and Georg Wittig â€Å"for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis† 1978 – Peter D. Mitchell â€Å"for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory† 1977 – Ilya Prigogine â€Å"for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures† 1976 – William N. Lipscomb â€Å"for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding† 1975 – John Warcup Cornforth â€Å"for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions† 1975 – Vladimir Prelog â€Å"for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions† 1974 – Paul J. Flory â€Å"for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules† 1973 – Ernst Otto Fischer and Geoffrey Wilkinson â€Å"for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds† 1972 – Christian B. Anfinsen â€Å"for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation† 1972 – Stanford Moore and William H. Stein â€Å"for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule† 1971 – Gerhard Herzberg â€Å"for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals† 1970 – Luis F. Leloir â€Å"for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates† 1969 – Derek H. R. Barton and Odd Hassel â€Å"for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry† 1968 – Lars Onsager â€Å"for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes† 1967 – Manfred Eigen, Ronald George Wreyford Norrish and George Porter â€Å"for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equlibrium by means of very short pulses of energy† 1966 – Robert S. Mulliken â€Å"for his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method† 1965 – Robert Burns Woodward â€Å"for his outstanding achievements in the art of organic synthesis† 1964 – Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin â€Å"for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances† 1963 – Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta â€Å"for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers† 1962 – Max Ferdinand Perutz and John Cowdery Kendrew â€Å"for their studies of the structures of globular proteins† 1961 – Melvin Calvin â€Å"for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants† 1960 – Willard Frank Libby â€Å"for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science† 1959 – Jaroslav Heyrovsky â€Å"for his discovery and development of the polarographic methods of analysis† 1958 – Frederick Sanger â€Å"for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin† 1957 – Lord (Alexander R.) Todd â€Å"for his work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes† 1956 – Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood and Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov â€Å"for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions† 1955 – Vincent du Vigneaud â€Å"for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone† 1954 – Linus Carl Pauling â€Å"for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances† 1953 – Hermann Staudinger â€Å"for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry† 1952 – Archer John Porter Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge â€Å"for their invention of partition chromatography† 1951 – Edwin Mattison McMillan and Glenn Theodore Seaborg â€Å"for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements† 1950 – Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder â€Å"for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis† 1949 – William Francis Giauque â€Å"for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures† 1948 – Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius â€Å"for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins† 1947 – Sir Robert Robinson â€Å"for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids† 1946 – James Batcheller Sumner â€Å"for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized† 1946 – John Howard Northrop and Wendell Meredith Stanley â€Å"for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form† 1945 – Artturi Ilmari Virtanen â€Å"for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method† 1944 – Otto Hahn â€Å"for his discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei† 1943 – George de Hevesy â€Å"for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes† 1942 – 1940 No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section. 1939 – Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt â€Å"for his work on sex hormones† 1939 – Leopold Ruzicka â€Å"for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes† 1938 – Richard Kuhn â€Å"for his work on carotenoids and vitamins† 1937 – Walter Norman Haworth â€Å"for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C† 1937 – Paul Karrer â€Å"for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2† 1936 – Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye â€Å"for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases† 1935 – Frà ©dà ©ric Joliot and Irà ¨ne Joliot-Curie â€Å"in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements† 1934 – Harold Clayton Urey â€Å"for his discovery of heavy hydrogen† 1933 No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section. 1932 – Irving Langmuir â€Å"for his discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry† 1931 – Carl Bosch and Friedrich Bergius â€Å"in recognition of their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods† 1930 – Hans Fischer â€Å"for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin† 1929 – Arthur Harden and Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin â€Å"for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes† 1928 – Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus â€Å"for the services rendered through his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins† 1927 – Heinrich Otto Wieland â€Å"for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances† 1926 – T he (Theodor) Svedberg â€Å"for his work on disperse systems† 1925 – Richard Adolf Zsigmondy â€Å"for his demonstration of the heterogenous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used, which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry† 1924 No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section. 1923 – Fritz Pregl â€Å"for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances† 1922 – Francis William Aston â€Å"for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule† 1921 – Frederick Soddy â€Å"for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes† 1920 – Walther Hermann Nernst â€Å"in recognition of his work in thermochemistry† 1919 No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section. 1918 – Fritz Haber â€Å"for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements† 1917 No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section. 1916 No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section. 1915 – Richard Martin Willstà ¤tter â€Å"for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll† 1914 – Theodore William Richards â€Å"in recognition of his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements† 1913 – Alfred Werner â€Å"in recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry† 1912 – Victor Grignard â€Å"for the discovery of the so-called Grignard reagent, which in recent years has greatly advanced the progress of organic chemistry† 1912 – Paul Sabatier â€Å"for his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely disintegrated metals whereby the progress of organic chemistry has been greatly advanced in recent years† 1911 – Marie Curie, nà ©e Sklodowska â€Å"in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element† 1910 – Otto Wallach â€Å"in recognition of his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds† 1909 – Wilhelm Ostwald â€Å"in recognition of his work on catalysis and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction† 1908 – Ernest Rutherford â€Å"for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances† 1907 – Eduard Buchner â€Å"for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation† 1906 – Henri Moissan â€Å"in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him† 1905 – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer â€Å"in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds† 1904 – Sir William Ramsay â€Å"in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system† 1903 – Svante August Arrhenius â€Å"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation† 1902 – Hermann Emil Fischer â€Å"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses† 1901 – Jacobus Henricus van ‘t Hoff â€Å"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions†

Intro to Mgt Syst Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intro to Mgt Syst - Assignment Example By instituting privacy policies in information systems, organizations can safeguard personal information of their employees and customers from access and manipulation by ill-motivated individuals. There are several human and technological protective measures that can be used to safeguard and enforce privacy in information systems. Some of the most operative and widely used mechanisms include encryption, data masking, and authentication. Kim and Solomon (2012) define encryption as the process of encoding information and/or messages in such a manner that only the authorized parties can access or read it. The process involves encrypting plaintext with an encryption algorithm to generate the cipher text that is only readable if decrypted. Therefore, any interceptor of the message cannot access it unless they provide the encryption key which is provided by the originator of the information (Kim & Solomon, 2012). Data masking, on the other hand, refer to the process of hiding the original data with random characters to prevent classified personal data from access by unauthorized persons (Rainer & Cegielski, 2012). Data masking aims at protecting the actual data by having a function al substitute when the real data is not required. Authentication is another measure that can be taken by determining whether something or someone is what he or she declares to be. Authentication in information systems is attained through the use of logon passwords and pin numbers (Kim & Solomon, 2012). There are several problems related to management information systems that arise from privacy of information. One of the most common problems is security breaches, which emanate as a result of hackers and viruses. Today, most organizations store their data on remote cloud servers accessible with a username and the appropriate password (Kim & Solomon, 2012). However, there is a higher risk of losing the data through viruses, hijackers, and wrong-minded

Zoot suit riots Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Zoot suit riots - Essay Example Zoot suit riots This was due to the fact that the Mexican immigrants were perceived as a direct threat to the lives of Americans, since they were often implicated in matters concerning crime and gang violence. Despite the wrongfulness of the American stereotype of the local Hispanic population, the fact that they were present in the United States and that they had made a life for themselves in their adopted country against all odds that were set against them put local public opinion in opposition to them. The fact that members of the American navy, many of whom had never set foot in Los Angeles, chose to attack members of the Hispanic population in the city, with wide public support is among some of the worst racist incidents to happen in the United States. It is possible that the feeling of losing control had become almost unbearable for the white population because of the growing confidence of Mexican Americans in their new environment. The Mexican Americans had come to the United States with barely anything to their names but by the 1940s, they were becoming an increasingly prosperous people, since they took advantage of almost every opportunity that came their way to make it in their adopted country. For quite a large number of them, their coming to America and starting their lives anew, away from the poverty prevalent in their home country was indeed the achievement of the American dream. The growing prosperity and presence of Mexican Americans in Los Angeles, as well as in other parts of the United States may have been behind the motivation of the American servicemen to attack these people in what became known as the zoot suit riots.

Unforgettable trip Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Unforgettable trip - Essay Example Where there is no language barrier, travelling to other countries gives one a chance to make discoveries and have experiences, either good or bad. For instance, I have experienced what the United States of America, France, Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia all have to offer in terms learning about the ways of the people, traditions and customs. Learning new cultures is interesting and informative, as something acceptable in one’s culture may be unacceptable in another, or even a taboo, punishable by despicable means like death. My story started on 12th December, having finished the Mathematics exam at Middle Tennessee State University. The feeling of having completed the exam was truly refreshing. My friends and I drove to the Nashville International Airport, took our tickets and waited for the flight to Atlanta, Georgia, that was scheduled for 5.05 PM Central European Time. After a long time waiting, we finally got on the plane, quite excited. The flight would take almost twenty six hours; this was going to be truly unforgettable. However before the plane could take off, the captain announced that the flight had been delayed for an hour. This is the beginning of this incredible story. With the flight delayed, I was extremely disappointed, as I only had a few days break before resuming my studies. I was extremely bored. To pass time, I decided to have fun on my Ipad, while having a cold Coke. After a thirty minute wait, we were notified via another announcement that we would be air bound after fifteen minutes. We landed in Atlanta, Georgia after an hour and a half. My dreams of flying were almost shattered as I learnt that the next flight would be through Amsterdam, as I don’t speak Dutch. That notwithstanding, I only had ten minutes to get to the connecting plane and had to take a train to get me through the vast airport to the boarding gate. I got to the gate in less

SDiverse learners as challenges and opportunities Research Paper

SDiverse learners as challenges and opportunities - Research Paper Example Thus, in this situation, the implications that the provided students’ characteristics would have for me as a facilitator of learning are providing the education within the vicious circle and initiating a standardized education regimen (Merriam & Grace, 2011). Certain challenges are likely to be faced by me while taking adult English as an ESL class with diverse learners. In this regard, one of such challenges can be determining appropriate goal settings of the individual learners. This is mainly owing to the reason of possessing diverse goals by different learners (Sample, 2002). Apart from this, I can also face the challenge of imparting basic psychological based concepts along with theories to such learners, as the learners belong to different cultural background and native places (Jackson, 2009). The opportunities that are present in the aforementioned context include acquiring the idea about how community or adult education is being imparted to the learners holding different cultural backgrounds and also exploring distinct problems or issues that tend to generate democratic learning spaces in the stated procedure. Apart from this, the learners might present the opportunity of carefully examine any sort of prevailing structural inequality in the learning procedure (Grace & Wells, 2007; Gouthro, 2007). Grace, A. P., & Wells, K. (2011). Using Freirean pedagogy of just ire to inform critical social learning in arts-informed community education for sexual minorities. Adult Education Quarterly, 57(2),

Debating the Atomic Bomb in the New York Times Article

Debating the Atomic Bomb in the New York Times - Article Example This editorial makes it a point to mention that, if a third world war is to be avoided, then the public must become even more involved. The author of this editorial, who is not named, makes the point that scientists are creating weapons that can alter the course of history. As such, they must have a responsibility to ensure these weapons are used as a deterrent, rather than for purposes of evil. The author contends that never before in history have scientists held so much power and, as such, a debate must take place to determine how, if ever, such bombs will be used again. This keeps in line with the political leaning of the New York Times during this time period. The paper, while not necessarily being outspoken critics of war efforts undertaken by the United States, certainly advocated a stance more towards the concept of neutrality. The Atomic Bomb was a big step in the advancement of war technology and editorials in the New York Times during 1945 took a hesitant stance towards its further development. If you will, it would appear that the editorial board of the paper certainly did not want to appear proud of the fact that we had dropped two such massive bombs on Japan. Finally, this editorial piece focused its attention on the beginning to educate the public more about the advances of science. To this point, the author contends that scientific advancement went largely unnoticed. Now that weapons, such as the atomic bomb, are being created, the public must have more of a voice. The obvious point here is made that the decision to use such weapons eventually impacts every citizen in the country, so they need to make their voices heard. This position of getting the public more involved in the affairs of science is the overarching theme of this particular editorial. Analysis The author of this editorial has two main points. The major idea centers on the responsibility that scientists who are in charge of creating such weapons as the atomic bomb have. This respons ibility entails them understanding the power of destruction they hold over the world as these bombs are created. Furthermore, a second underlying theme of the editorial the contention that scientists need to bring the atomic bomb debate to the American people. Since citizens are directly impacted by these weapons use, all of society has the responsibility to let the government know whether or not they approve of its eventual deployment in times of war. The atomic bomb was designed to bring a quick end to any conflict. Scientists developed it with this end result in mind.

Personal Sales Letter Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sales Letter - Personal Statement Example The offer will also not incur any training costs and will also minimize the work of your staff. Most of the setup will be done by our company to assure the lower costs of setup. Even if you are not using Jonas or any club system, even then the overall subscription fee will be lower. Fifty percent of your calls will be attended by a technician immediately. The offer will benefit both sides as we want to earn as well as to keep your business going. My experience with your club tells that the management makes the overall work hectic and it also costs a lot to you. The management also frustrates the staff as well. IBS has already replaced other management softwares in about 1400 other clubs among which is the popular medinah country club. IBS is famous for its best support and training. So you also don’t have to worry about training your staff. In addition to that, the software is very easy to understand and it will be running among your staff as they are already familiar with com puterized management before. I am also familiar with the skills that your staff possesses and they will easily cope up with this new environment. To answer any of your queries, I will call you in a few days but please do call me any time if you want to ask anything. Looking forward for your positive response. Regards, Gyda.

Kudler Strategic Plan Part II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kudler Strategic Plan Part II - Essay Example The paper discusses the new strategy and implementation plan, the functional tactics with a work breakdown structure, a Gantt chart to define the timeline and the tasks and the deadline. It also discusses the key success factors for the implementation plan. It also includes the risks and the risk management along with a contingency plan. Established in 1998, Kudler Fine Foods (KFF) specialty food and wine retail stores have successfully expanded to a chain of three stores at La Jolla, Del Mar and in Encinitas. The stores are operating in hired premises. Despite the economic slowdown, things are promising primarily because Kathy Kudler, the owner and in whose name the chain is named, is a workhorse. Her perfect strategy with dogged determination to purse the goals had made the chain to remain afloat and also do brisk business despite the general slump in the industry. But the most important thing that has been giving the chain the ability to maintain is the cash flow. This in turn is due to Kathy’s seven-days-a-week work schedule to monitor the activities of the business. Kathy has hired managers to help her at the three locations, of which the one at Del Mar is a matter of concern because of the low population in the vicinity. Kathy is now looking for an alternate location with a larger population base. Carls bad, CA is a possibility, Kathy is exploring. Kudler Fine Foods uses only the finest organic ingredients. Whenever possible, we purchase local produce from organic farmers. We use unbleached flour in our bakery goods and we don’t add unnecessary preservatives to our products. Food is rotated from the shelves on an ongoing basis. Those items that are still in â€Å"good† condition are donated to local homeless shelters and food kitchens. Each of our stores has its own modern European-Style Bakery. In the wee hours of the morning, our bakers begin mixing their dough and creating fresh breads and pastries including fruit tarts, table loaves, flat

Comparing and contrasting the poems Essay Example for Free

Comparing and contrasting the poems Essay The poems Vultures by Chinua Achebe and What were they like? by Denise Levertov are the same in that they both about war and conflict between two different tribes or regions within one country. Both poems reflect the effects of war and how can dramatically change history. Chinua Achebe uses vultures to explore his thought and ideas of war. He starts by introducing us to their foul diet of dead humans and animal flesh, and then they appear to care and love for one another. Achebe feels that people should be hopeful that the goodness and love will one day overcome the evil inside others an that deep down there lies goodness and love in even the worlds most evil people, like Aldolf Hitler for example. Vultures is about the Biafran War in Nigeria which began in 1967 between the Hausan and Yoruban tribes. The poem is also about the concentration camps in Belsen. The theme of the poem is to show a contrast between good and evil. The poet uses metaphoric images of vultures to describe how a person or creature can be horrible and disgusting and do evil, horrific things but somewhere deep down inside there is a tiny speck of goodness and love. Thus the commandant at Belsen Camp going home for the day with fumes of human roast clinging rebelliously to his hairy nostrils will stop at the wayside sweet-shop and pick up a chocolate for his tender offspring. This stanza is clearly contrasts good and evil. A tremendously evil man who spends his days slaughtering innocent families will go home to his family with goodies for his children and where he is a completely different person, a caring father and a loving husband. The theme is similar to that in the poem What were they like? The US Forces killed many innocent men, women and children and caused devastating affects to the countries land and lives of millions in order to win a war. Only when they realised the terror they had caused and that it was too late, they withdrew they part in the war returned home to they families to live happily ever after. Although the themes of the poems are practically the same each poet delivers their point in different ways and also describes different aspects of war. Chinua Achebe choose to describe war from the side of the commanders and soldiers and Denise Levertov choose to describe war from the side of the countries people and how war effected them. The meaning of each poem lives up to the titles. By reading the title Vultures you immediately think of the scavenger creature. And What they were like? a phrase like this will be used to describe how something or someone was meaning they are no longer like that. In the poem they are no longer the way they were because they have been killed and forgotten about, they meaning the peasant of Vietnam during the war. Denise Levertov uses the word Sir more than once. I think she choose to use this word to show how soldiers would address their commanders. Denise Levertov uses a unique structure for the poem. She uses a sequence of numbered questions followed by the answers. The questions are to the point and reflect the innocent lives of the poor peasants living in Vietnam at the time of the war. Chinua Achebes poem seems to be set out in four verses but actually it is two. The verses are separated by the word Strange. Between lines 21-40 Achebe uses emphasis ( ) to show that its continuing but then he moves the subject to show theres something missing. Like this phrase in easy range of cold telescopic eyes Strange indeed how love in the other ways so particular, he seems to be observing the animals from a distance. At first he has just finished describing the nasty side of the creature then its as if his is interrupted by what we see as strange behaviour for a vulture, where they show each other love. Denise Levertov wanted to put across the fact that no justice was bought to those who lost their lives due to war, instead they were silenced; she felt very strongly about this a put her view down very straight forward. Her questions are to the point but the questions are a bit vague, they have a deeper mean than they appear. In Levertovs poem she says their singing resembled the flight of moths in the moonlight. Who can I say? It is silent now. This reflects how people especially the men who caused the suffering, would rather forget the horrendous images of dying innocence and pretend it never happened. For example, Sir, their light hearts turned to stone. It is not remembered whether in gardens stone lanterns illumined pleasant ways this means that it is not remembered because when the land was bombed the people and land was burnt down to nothing. The poems appear on the outside to be about simple ideas but between the lines there are some powerful thoughts. Vultures seem to be about the disgusting creature, Chinua Achebe uses them only to comment of a particular type of people. In what were they like? It seems to be only about individuals-the peasants but its really about big political events. Vultures symbolises people who benefit from others who are suffering and again this also contrasts with the Northern Communists in Vietnam who won a brutal war at the expense of innocent people.

Flow Of Charge And Electric Current

Flow Of Charge And Electric Current Man has always been curious about the works of electricity; why a shock occurred at times, why something clung to something else. There were once many theories of why what we now understand as electricity was created   one of the ancient theories being magic. Moving forward in time, it is now understood that the building blocks of electricity are the proton, neutron, and electron. A proton has a positive charge, the neutron has no charge, and the electron carries a negative charge. Now, everything around us is made of matter, which in turn is filled with atoms , and the atom is where the protons, neutrons, and the electrons thrive. The protons are trapped in the center of the atom, also known as the nucleus, and because of this, the electrons moving outside the nucleus along their orbital are one reason why electric current occurs. However, there are special types of electrons called free electrons. These come off of their atoms and zoom around, which makes electricity easy to flo w through certain materials, such as metals. These free electrons are referred to being electrical conductors, because they conduct electricity   simple. Electricity not only works miraculously in the world around us, but also deep within our human bodys. Electricity flows through our nervous system and directs to our neurons the building blocks of the nervous system; thus, giving our brain and body power to function properly. Flow Of Charge And Electric Current Even though electricity is based upon the negatively charges electrons, many people assume the electric current is also always negative. Actually, in most cases, electricity is a flow of positive charges, but it can be a flow of negative charges, or a mix of positive and negative charges flowing in opposing directions. However, the direction of the flow depends upon the type of conductor being used. The conductors have atoms in them, and as said before, the atoms have the protons, neutrons, and electrons embedded in them, which in turn creates electricity. In terms of our everyday electrical devices, only the proton with its positive charge and the electron with its negative charge are being used. Some sources, such as a text book, state that electricity is made up of electrons, and only electrons. In reality, electrons and protons alike make up electricity, and they carry an equal strength of charge. Now, protons embedded in solid metal, such as in a copper wire, do not flow. An exa mple of an electrical charge that is based on the protons instead of the electrons would be the everyday battery. While the battery is, lets say, powering a flashlight, the flow of electricity is moving through the inside of the battery. The flashlights electrical current seems to be a flow of both positive and negative atoms, and there is no doubt an electrical charge of some sort flowing through the battery to power the flashlight. Yet, no single electron streams through. The real flow of the charge is in both directions within the battery, part of the charge is from positive atoms, and the rest is of negative atoms moving in the opposing direction. Now, do not confuse current with flow. Electric current is the rate of the charge flow past a specified spot in an electric circuitand is measured in amperes. The atoms in a battery can have an absence of electrons, causing a positive charge. Reversing it, if the atoms have more electrons, then it carries a negative charge. A charge fl ows from one end to the other, and it only flows when there is a potential difference, which is a difference in the voltage (potential), between the ends of a conductor. The charge will flow until the potential levels out, then there is no longer a flow through the conductor. So, in order to keep the electricity flowing, the difference in potential need to remain different. Another term for the flow of electric charge is electric current, and it is measured in amperes. An ampere is simply the flow of 1 coulomb (the standard unit of charge) per second. Alternating Current And Direct Current An electric current could be either an alternating current (AC) or a direct current (DC). The main purpose of electric current, AC or DC, is to transfer energy from one place to another without a sound, without a hassle, and without inconvenience, which is exactly what we have achieved. Digging deeper, an alternating current does just that alternates. The electrons in a circuit move in one direction first and then in the opposing direction and repeats this process over and over; thus, alternating back and forth. Alternating directions of charge is caused by alternating voltages. Many AC circuits have voltages and currents that alternate back and forth 60 times per second, also known as 60-hertz current. Different frequencies are used for different things, and although frequency systems vary by country, most electric power is produced at either 50 or 60 Hz (hertz). However, a low frequency is used for low speed electric motors, such as traction motors for railways, and higher frequen cies are used for higher motor speed. Airplanes and space shuttles, for example, use a higher frequency to transmit a larger amount of power to their motors. An advantage of alternating current is its ability to change the voltage of the power, using a device called a transformer, which transfers energy from one circuit to another. This saves companies money by using high voltages to transmit power over long distances. Now, direct current is a bit different and is not used as much as it used to because alternating current is more efficient with high power applications. DC produces a constant flow of charge that only goes in one direction. In order for a direct current generator to produce a constant voltage, there are many different sets of coils making irregular intervals that stop and start (intermittent) contact with the brushes. And once again, the battery proves itself a good example, except this time with direct current. The ends of the battery, or the terminals, have an uncha nging positive and negative charge. Since the electrons constantly flow through the circuit in the same direction, from the negative terminal to the positive terminal, it is considered a direct current. Converting AC To DC Converting an alternating current to a direct current might be hard to perform yourself, but the concept of how it works is not difficult to grasp. The conversion process from alternating current to direct current begins with inserting a diode , which is a mini electronic device that allows electrons to flow through it in only one direction. The goal is to make the back and forth current flowing through something to only flow in a single direction; thus, converting it to direct current. Lets take a wire that has an alternating current flowing through it, and cut it in half. If a diode is inserted correctly to connect the two wire pieces together, the diode will stop the current from moving in both directions by completely ridding of one direction and only allowing the other. For example, the function of a diode is comparable to a two lane street, cars on one lane flowing south and the cars on the other lane flowing north. A car then gets into a car crash (representing one function of the diode, which is stopping the flow of electric current   in this case, the cars) on the lane flowing south, blocking the entire road. Assuming that the lanes go north and south forever, with no turn offs, the cars flowing south would have to slowly squeeze their way into the lane flowing north. This is where an officer (representing the second function of the diode, which stops the current, then allows it to flow again. Stops, lets flow, stops, lets flow, etc.) comes in and directs how many cars on the lane flowing south can turn into the lane flowing north to begin moving again. Lets assume the officer lets two cars from the south move into the north lane at a time, then stops the next two before letting them go again. Furthermore, a rectifier is a device used to convert AC to DC through a process called rectification. A rectifier can be made up of a series of things, such as a vacuum tube; however, we will be focusing on the diode makeup. Now, dont confuse a rectifier with a diode   a rectifier describes a diode that is being used to convert alternating current to direct current. Of course, in order for anything to work efficiently, a multitude of that product is needed. In this case, what is needed to convert AC to DC is the diode, and a single diode works, but not nearly as well as multiple diodes in one circuit working together. There is something called a half-wave rectification (see Figure 2), and this only requires the use of a single diode in order to work, but can also use up to three. During the half wave rectification process, only the positive or negative half of the sine wave is approved to go through at a time, so the diode will only permit the current to flow only during either the positive or negative part of the alternating current sine wave; commonly used with radios. Another form is the full-wave rectification (see Figure 4), which is more powerful than the half-wave rectification process and uses two or more diodes. During this pro cess, the whole wave is made either a continuous positive or negative output. Ohms Law One day a man named Georg Ohm discovered that the current in a circuit is equal to the voltage passed across the circuit divided by the resistance in the same circuit. In other words, current = voltageresistance, more commonly seen as I=V/R. It is up to resistance to say how much current can rush through an object. The objects that create resistance are called resistors, which simply control the voltage and current in the circuit so if the resistance is high, then the current will be reduced. The nice thing about resistors is that they keep a circuit from blowing up because the resistors keep the circuits from overheating. Furthermore, if the resistance stays the same, then the current and voltage are equal. When the voltage goes up, the current goes up as well. The unit of measurement used for current, voltage, and resistance is called an ampere   one ampere is equal to one volt divided by one ohm (1 ampere = 1volt/1ohm). So four amperes would be four volts divided by one ohm, an d so on. Now lets get to the fun part and start calculating values! If you have an imaginary light bulb that is connected to a 120 volt circuit and brings in 12 amperes of current, how many ohms would that produce? Taking resistance = voltage/current, resistance would = 120 volts/12amperes which = 10 ohms. So what happens when you are trying to calculate the current instead of the resistance? You simply re-arrange the formula to suite your needs. You take the regular resistance = voltage/current and multiply each side by current over one. By doing this, you will get resistance x current = voltage, and you want current on one side by itself, so divide resistance through both sides, making the equation exactly what you need   current = voltage/resistance. Given this formula, how much current is drawn by an imaginary microwave that has a resistance of 100 ohms when 50 volts are passing through it? Current would equal 50 volts/100 ohms, which equals .5 amperes. The Speed Of Electrons In A Circuit Taking the remote control to the television and pushing the power button makes the television click on instantly. Likewise, when you press the call button on your phone it connects the circuit which sends an electrical signal to the phones processor at almost the speed of light. Since the signal of the button is being sent through the wire quickly, the electrons must be rushing through the wire at the same speed, right? Wrong. It is only the signal that moves through the wire at this speed, not the electrons. When it is room temperature, the electrons in a wire or open circuit have a velocity of a few million kilometers per hour, they produce no current because the motion is completely random and in all directions, and there is no net flow in any one direction. However, when something such as a battery or generator is connected, and the circuit completed, an electric field (the space that confines the electrically charged particles) is established inside the wire at almost the speed of light. Even though the electric field is established, the electrons continue to move randomly. But as the electrons move randomly, they are being pushed along the wire by the electric field toward the end of the circuit. The reason the electrons do not move as fast as the signal does is because the electrons have obstacles in their way atoms. These unmoving atoms make the electrons collide into them, which constantly delays the movement of the electrons so that their average speed is extraordinarily slow. Now, the conducting wire acts as a guide for the electrical field lines and inside the wire the electric field is directed along it. The conduction electrons speed up because of the electric field, but before they reach a nice speed they bump into those motionless ions and transfer some of their energy to them in the process this is why the wires that carry currents become hot. With an alternating current circuit, the conduction electrons do not make any net progress in any di rection. In one cycle the electrons move a teensy fraction of a centimeter in one direction, and then the same distance in the opposing direction. Because of this, the electrons rhythmically move from side to side along relatively fixed positions. So when you call your friend and talk to them over the telephone, it is simply the structure of the to and fro motion of the conduction electrons that is carried to where your friend is at close to the speed of light. The electrons that are already within the wires simple vibrate to the rhythm of the structure.

Free Essays on A Dolls House: Money Matters :: Dolls House essays

A Doll's House Essay: Money Matters Henrik Ibsen was born in 1828 to a wealthy family, however, when he was just eight years old his family went bankrupt, and they lost their status in society. Ibsen knew how the issue of money could destroy a person’s reputation in no time at all. Perhaps that is how he makes the characters in his play, A Doll's House , so believable. Nora and Mrs. Linde, the two main female characters in the play, have had the issues of money and forgery ruin their lives. Nora forged her dead father’s signature to get a loan. The play revolves around her struggle with her fear of being found out. Both women’s values change as the story moves along. At first, it appears that Nora values money and the status that it brings. Mrs. Linde values her own happiness, and eventually Nora realizes that the only way she will be able to live with what she has done is to do the same. From the start of the play, we see that Nora’s entire focus is on money. â€Å"Won’t it be lovely to have stacks of money and not a care in the world† (703), Nora asks Mrs. Linde. Almost every conversation she has in the play is related to money in some way or another. When Torvald, her husband, asks her what she wants for Christmas, she tells him, â€Å"You could give me money, Torvald. . . . Then I could hang the bills in pretty glit paper on the Christmas tree. Wouldn’t that be fun† (699)? Her carefree way of handling money exasperates her husband. He wants to make her happy, but he isn’t able to give her what he doesn’t have. He doesn’t know about the loan, at first, and, to him and the audience, it appears that she is just throwing her money away hopelessly. Mrs. Linde, on the other hand, knows what it is like to not have money to spare. She values money, but for an entire different purpose. The looks at it for what it is worth, and how it can help her survive. Her entire life she has had to work hard for anything that she wanted or needed. â€Å"Well, anyway,† she responded to Nora’s remark on having stacks of money, â€Å"it would be lovely enough to have enough for necessities† (703). To survive, she â€Å"had to scrape up living with a little shop and a little teaching and whatever else [she] could find† (704). Free Essays on A Doll's House: Money Matters :: Dolls House essays A Doll's House Essay: Money Matters Henrik Ibsen was born in 1828 to a wealthy family, however, when he was just eight years old his family went bankrupt, and they lost their status in society. Ibsen knew how the issue of money could destroy a person’s reputation in no time at all. Perhaps that is how he makes the characters in his play, A Doll's House , so believable. Nora and Mrs. Linde, the two main female characters in the play, have had the issues of money and forgery ruin their lives. Nora forged her dead father’s signature to get a loan. The play revolves around her struggle with her fear of being found out. Both women’s values change as the story moves along. At first, it appears that Nora values money and the status that it brings. Mrs. Linde values her own happiness, and eventually Nora realizes that the only way she will be able to live with what she has done is to do the same. From the start of the play, we see that Nora’s entire focus is on money. â€Å"Won’t it be lovely to have stacks of money and not a care in the world† (703), Nora asks Mrs. Linde. Almost every conversation she has in the play is related to money in some way or another. When Torvald, her husband, asks her what she wants for Christmas, she tells him, â€Å"You could give me money, Torvald. . . . Then I could hang the bills in pretty glit paper on the Christmas tree. Wouldn’t that be fun† (699)? Her carefree way of handling money exasperates her husband. He wants to make her happy, but he isn’t able to give her what he doesn’t have. He doesn’t know about the loan, at first, and, to him and the audience, it appears that she is just throwing her money away hopelessly. Mrs. Linde, on the other hand, knows what it is like to not have money to spare. She values money, but for an entire different purpose. The looks at it for what it is worth, and how it can help her survive. Her entire life she has had to work hard for anything that she wanted or needed. â€Å"Well, anyway,† she responded to Nora’s remark on having stacks of money, â€Å"it would be lovely enough to have enough for necessities† (703). To survive, she â€Å"had to scrape up living with a little shop and a little teaching and whatever else [she] could find† (704).

McDonalds Case Analysis Essay -- Mcdonalds business Case Analysis Ess

McDonald's Case Analysis I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Objectives McDonald's mission was to provide customers with quality food at a low price with a focus on the speed, service and cleanliness they received while patroning one of their restaurants. The case focuses on a specific segment of the McDonalds restaurant chain that was opened in 1996, McDonald?s India. This segment of the restaurant giant had a more specific mission/philosophy to fulfill and had developed a special menu for these Indian customers to take into account their culture and religion. When it was realized that beef extracts were found being used in producing McDonald?s fries, outraged vegetarians and Hindus across the United States and Canda filed a class action lawsuit. Along with this, riots and demonstrations at restaurants in India took place, with mobs calling for the closure of all McDonald?s in India. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Customer Scenario   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By 2001, McDonald?s had expanded its operations to 116 countries with a total of over 30,000 restaurants. McDonald?s sold to over 15 billion people every year! The company?s target market encompassed everyone as they tried to offer menus that accommodated fast food lovers, vegetarians, the health-conscious as well as different religious sects. III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nucleus of Control   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  McDonald?s restaurant chain is comprised of company owned restaurants as well as franchised restaurants, which make up over 65% of the operating McDonalds outlets; because of this many of the restaurants are controlled and run separate from one another. The whole segment of McDonald?s India has a board of managing directors that oversee McDonald?s operations in India. From a management standpoint, McDonalds can be seen to have different varying stances. The company can be viewed as a mature company that was introduced over 65 years ago and now encompasses virtually the entire globe with its operations. However, it seems that McDonald?s, large in size already, keeps expanding internationally as well as in the United States. While many of these newly opened restaurants are separately run franchises, it seems that while the McDonald?s name and idea may be mature, the company as whole seems to still have a growing, entrepreneurial stance. IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Functional Analysis A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Top Management The company was started by two brothers, Richard and Maurice McDonald and was later purchased by a curr... ... marketing department. This would help to combat major catastrophes from happening and leading to more allegations and lawsuits. 3. Create a separate department within the company to keep consistency among the many McDonald?s franchises. While this would be a great tool in the overall operation of the company, there are probably too many franchises to be able to carry it out in a cost effective manner. VII.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Recommendations Both alternatives one and two should be combined for the overall success of improving McDonald?s corporation. Marketing has done a terrible job in many areas and could use a fresh start, but must rely on top management for the ultimate say. VIII.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Implementation These alternatives can be put into place effective immediately. They should not bear large costs, with any costs relying soley on the hire of new employees and/or top management to compensate for the extra workload. The most important benchmark to judge our decisions will be customer satisfaction. This can be done simply by surveys, online or focus groups. In the long term the benefits may be seen on a larger scale by viewing the perception of the company in the US as well as globally.

Comparative Analysis of Shall I compare thee to a summers day? and The

Comparative Analysis of "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" by William Shakespeare and The Flea by John Donne 'Shall I compare thee' by Shakespeare focuses on romantic love, whereas Donne's poem, 'The Flea' is all about seduction and sexual love. The situations in the two poems are very different. In 'Shall I compare thee', the poet is shown as a lover who is addressing his lady. His tone is gentle and romantic. He starts with a rhetorical question to which he must answer and therefore he does not put demand upon the lady. The poem gives the impression that it is set perhaps in his room, where he is composing his poem. One thing is for sure and that is that the woman he is addressing is not with him, because all the way through the poem, there is no response from her. Shakespeare wants to emphasize her beauty. In 'The Flea' the poet is directly appealing to the woman or his mistress. They seem to be in bed together with a flea, but no sex seems to have taken place. If it had, then the situation would be very different. The poet has seduced her as far as the bedroom and at this point, it seems as though he is going to try a new strategy. The woman does not appear to be very keen and is resisting his advances. Compared with Donne's poem, in 'Shall I compare thee' the poet is simply flattering the woman and wants her to like him. It is also one-sided, unlike in 'The Flea' where the woman gives her views as well. 'Shall I compare thee' is similar to 'First Love' by John Clare in this way. In 'First Love', only the poet's views are shown and therefore it is also one-sided. In 'The Flea' the poet's aim is to have sex with ... ..., and tetrameters, which are eight syllable lines. Donne uses an obvious three-part argument, or syllogism, where he uses the flea to structure it. Shakespeare uses a sonnet, which was a traditional way of writing about romantic love. Donne's poem is more intellectual in which he uses persuasive and rhetorical devices. The comparison's Shakespeare uses are passionate and interesting, but Donne's poem is more enjoyable to read since it uses wit and a clever structure to make it entertaining. The farfetched idea of using a flea to persuade a woman for sex is very unusual and makes the poem more enjoyable. Shakespeare's poem is more typical of a love poem, since the language he uses is more affectionate, but I have found Donne's more appealing to read because the wittiness and content of the poem is so unexpected. Comparative Analysis of Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? and The Comparative Analysis of "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" by William Shakespeare and The Flea by John Donne 'Shall I compare thee' by Shakespeare focuses on romantic love, whereas Donne's poem, 'The Flea' is all about seduction and sexual love. The situations in the two poems are very different. In 'Shall I compare thee', the poet is shown as a lover who is addressing his lady. His tone is gentle and romantic. He starts with a rhetorical question to which he must answer and therefore he does not put demand upon the lady. The poem gives the impression that it is set perhaps in his room, where he is composing his poem. One thing is for sure and that is that the woman he is addressing is not with him, because all the way through the poem, there is no response from her. Shakespeare wants to emphasize her beauty. In 'The Flea' the poet is directly appealing to the woman or his mistress. They seem to be in bed together with a flea, but no sex seems to have taken place. If it had, then the situation would be very different. The poet has seduced her as far as the bedroom and at this point, it seems as though he is going to try a new strategy. The woman does not appear to be very keen and is resisting his advances. Compared with Donne's poem, in 'Shall I compare thee' the poet is simply flattering the woman and wants her to like him. It is also one-sided, unlike in 'The Flea' where the woman gives her views as well. 'Shall I compare thee' is similar to 'First Love' by John Clare in this way. In 'First Love', only the poet's views are shown and therefore it is also one-sided. In 'The Flea' the poet's aim is to have sex with ... ..., and tetrameters, which are eight syllable lines. Donne uses an obvious three-part argument, or syllogism, where he uses the flea to structure it. Shakespeare uses a sonnet, which was a traditional way of writing about romantic love. Donne's poem is more intellectual in which he uses persuasive and rhetorical devices. The comparison's Shakespeare uses are passionate and interesting, but Donne's poem is more enjoyable to read since it uses wit and a clever structure to make it entertaining. The farfetched idea of using a flea to persuade a woman for sex is very unusual and makes the poem more enjoyable. Shakespeare's poem is more typical of a love poem, since the language he uses is more affectionate, but I have found Donne's more appealing to read because the wittiness and content of the poem is so unexpected.

Lands’ End Case Study Essay

1. A) Lands’ End’s buying center most likely consists of Assurance Personnel and upper management because Lands’ End selects long term suppliers that will likely ha a significant effect on the future of the business and that decision can’t be left to inexperience members or members without authority or power in the company. B) Users would most likely be the package handling department since the products are simply bought and resold by Lands’ End and not actually used to produce. Influencers would most likely be the agents that search for the fabrics and materials to buy. Buyers would likely be management teams as they need to form long term contracts that would require someone of authority in the company. Deciders would most likely be the upper management that has the actual authority in the company to sign long term contracts. Gatekeeprs would most likely be the assurance personnel mentioned in the reading that they go to suppliers to gather the information. 2. A) Lands’ End does not need to go to problem recognition because they are constantly searching for new and better suppliers. Thus they would skip to Information search in which they scout the best possible suppliers around the world that are likely to produce high quality items or materials. Next they would use Alternative evaluation to see if there is a company that gives the same product at either a higher quality or better price. The purchasing decision would be made by the managers that handle new contracts. Then finally they would use Postpurchase behavior to consider the contracts they have made and consider their value and change them if need be. B) Price may not be necessary as the purchasers are customers of Lands’ End and they would decide if the item is a fair price. Ability to meet quality specifications would be very important as Lands’ End claims that they seek the highest quality items to sell. Ability to meet required delivery schedules is also very important as they need a guarantee that the items they will be selling will get to their customers in a timely matter. Technical capability is also important as Lands’ End is attempting to keep up with the technological advances in the future so they are not left behind. Warranties are necessary as Lands’ End claims they will return any item no matter what. Past performance on previous contracts is necessary as they buy by contracts and have long term suppliers. 3. New Buy- Lands’ End does not face new buy regularly as they generally focus and reselling, however a new buy for Lands’ End may be buying new delivery trucks from a truck building company. Or they may need storage thus they buy land and construct storage facilities on it. Straight Rebuy- This is the most common case in Lands’ End as they rebuy as they may just be buying more of an item from an existing supplier for items that are sold regularly such as materials and fabrics or duffle bags and such that they need to have in stock to continue selling. Modified rebuy- in this case, Lands’ End upper management would be involved in buying new contracts with suppliers.

Aviation Expansion in the US

Aviation enplaments are soaring higher each year and they are deplaning into a system that is already saturated and bulging. The industry must expand and keep pace with this growth but this is being met with fierce opposition. This paper introduces the opposition coalitions and groups that are surmounting. It takes an in depth look at their number one concern, aircraft noise, and the effect it has on the health of those in the local airport communities. Several health studies are referenced and statistical information is offered throughout. Noise abatement is addressed and future growth figures are offered. John Q. Public wants to fly. He wants to fly in more numbers now than ever before. Forecasters explain that these numbers show no sign of decreasing in the near future. The only drawback to the industry is that the system is already saturated and bulging. As the demand to fly continues to ‘take-off', it is bringing with it serious delay, capacity, and environmental concerns. These issues must be addressed and answered before we can expand the aviation infrastructure. Airport planners have several attainable ways to accommodate and alleviate the major concerns to the system, but everyone of them are facing fierce opposition from those that feel they, and their communities, will be adversely affected. New runways, or extensions, have been proposed at 60 of the top 100 airports that lead in the number of annual enplanements. Studies for new airports have been conducted in New York, Boston, Seattle, San Diego, Chicago, and Miami, to name a few (Wells, 1996). For nearly every organization that is steadfast on building or expanding existing airports, there are a growing number of coalitions that oppose their ideas and are ready to challenge them. Most are local groups and communities that are confronting the governmental bodies in their own areas; but there are a number of national groups and even world-wide groups forming. With the availability of the World Wide Web, they are uniting in larger numbers and communicating their concerns with global reach. Pointing your web browser in the direction of any area proposing expansion and you will find numerous local groups and coalitions fighting to dismiss it. One such group is Sane Aviation For Everyone, Inc. (SAFE). This is a coalition of independent citizens groups and individuals in the New York City metropolitan area. SAFE is dedicated to stopping and reversing the environmental and health impacts of JFK, LaGuardia and Newark Airports. Vocal on many of the environmental problems caused by airports, they are extremely upset about a recent decision to bring more aircraft through the airports in their area (SAFE Home Page, 1998). In January '98, airlines were given exemptions to slot limitations, adding 21 additional daily operations at the airport despite a federally enacted ‘High Density Rule' that places limits on the number of flights into and out of Kennedy, LaGuardia, and other major airports (Bertrand, 1998). SAFE is currently looking to expand their scope to deal nationally and internationally with the aircraft noise issue. Some groups are set up for a specific cause, like that of the Airport Communities Coalition (ACC) in Seattle, Washington. They are opposing a proposal to add a third runway to the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (Sea-Tac). It was formed in 1993 because thousands of people living there claim that building a third runway would seriously diminish the quality of life in their communities and further pollute their air and water (ACC Home Page, 1998). The Seattle area also host the site of the Regional Commission on Airport Affairs (RCAA). The RCAA is a non-profit coalition of citizen groups and cities. They believe that further expansion of Sea-Tac Airport makes no sense, costs too much, and does too much damage to too many people. They favor demand management of the airport and support alternatives to expansion such as high speed rail. They also are addressing airport noise, air, and water pollution issues. The purpose of their Home Page is to provide citizens in King County, Washington State with the latest information on airport issues but, imperatively, they are providing citizens in airport impacted communities world-wide, with information and communication. They have an impressive supporting library and extensive links to other sites around the country (RCAA Home Page, 1998). One of the largest groups is the US-Citizens Aviation Watch (US-CAW). They are a national organization comprised of local airport groups, environmental organizations, and civic groups. They are concerned about noise, environment, public health and other quality of life issues related to aviation operations. While claiming to be a ‘national' association, they are linked with established organizations in 26 countries throughout the world. US-CAW's mission is to unite organizations and municipalities. Coalitions are forming from coast to coast. Their goal is to represent the interest of individual citizens (US-CAW Home Page, 1998). The focus of these coalitions is not limited to just opposing new airports or expansion issues. In areas where our military forces are drawing down, a viable option to building a new airport would be to convert a closing military airfield. Local residents have even put up resistance in this endeavor. One example is the growing concern over converting the closed El Toro Marine Corps Air Station in Orange County, California. The residents there have put up an impressive opposition Internet site to keep everyone informed on the issues. This Internet access affords the on-line populous, growing by millions each year, to be a key stroke away from getting involved. Their business and homeowner associations of the El Toro Coalition (ETC) favor non-aviation reuses for the field because there are at least eight airports with medium and long haul capability (five of which are international) within a 100 mile radius of El Toro (ETC Home Page, 1998). Another example is where the Department of Defense (DOD) is considering transferring what was once Homestead Air Reserve Base to Dade County, FL. County officials plan to develop an international â€Å"hub† airport serving South Florida and competing directly with Miami International Airport. In response to the proposed airport development project, a coalition of the country's top environmental advocacy organizations successfully mobilized in an effort to persuade the White House to save Everglades National Park and other unique ecological treasures in the area (Natural Resources Defense Council, 1998). The project is now on hold. It doesn't mater where, why, or who is opposing expanding aviation infrastructure, the issues are the same across their tally sheets. You don't have to be an environmental expert to understand there is an impact from aviation on a community. Air and water pollution, the impact on land values, health, and quality of life are all major issues. The most apparent environmental issue is that of noise and it appears to rank as the number one concern from opposition groups. No matter how well an airport serves its community, one of the most common complaints is the noise it produces. It has been the greatest barrier to building a new airport or its expansion (Wells, 1996). Opposition groups contend that airport noise is not just a minor annoyance that people living near airports should be ‘good sports' about and learn to ignore. Outside of the fact that it is a shear nuisance, aircraft noise may be posing more of a health problem than it suggest. In a study by the Health Subcommittee of the Environmental Impact Committee of the Regional Coalition on Airport Affairs, Dr. Dennis Hansen reported that airport noise results in a significant increase in community use of tranquilizers and sleeping pills. Airport communities have an increased rate of alcoholism, and admissions to psychiatric hospitals. He states airport related noise can literally drive people mad, has been positively associated with the development of hypertension, high cholesterol, and high blood sugar, all of which place people at increased risk of heart disease and stroke (Hansen, 1992). Another study has been linked to aircraft noise and sleep depravation. It has been argued that suburban residents desire a noise level no higher than 30 decibels (dB) at night when they sleep. The maximum noise level from an aircraft taking off would be approximately 90 dB. A noise level of 90 dB is roughly equivalent to that of a power mower outdoors. At least 75 percent of sleeping people will be awakened if exposed to noise levels over 74 dB. More importantly, over 50 percent of people will not be able to go to sleep if exposed to noise levels higher than 74 dB. The resulting sleep deprivation would potentially affect over 100,000 to 700,000 people living in the communities surrounding a commercial airport (Walther, 1997). Chronic noise is also having a devastating effect on the academic performance of children in noisy homes and schools. Cornell University researchers have confirmed that children in schools bombarded by frequent aircraft noise don't learn to read as well as children in quiet schools. The one major reason they have discovered is that the kids tune out speech in the racket (Science Daily, 1998). Speech and communication are affected when noise levels exceed 60 decibels. Excessively noisy schools have been shown to adversely affect the ability to solve simple problems as well as to learn mathematics and reading (Lang, 1997). The Airport and Airways Development Act of 1970 established a requirement that airport sponsors must afford the opportunity for public hearings for projects involving the location of an airport, a new runway or extension (Wells, 1996). This Act legally affords opposition groups the opportunity to voice their concerns and be represented in the proper forum. Implementation of operational airport noise abatement strategies is the airport's responsibility. The DOD took an early lead in working toward airport compatibility in 1973 with policies concerning public and private land in the vicinity of military airfields. The military's Air Installation Compatible Land Use Zones program evolved into the government's program for Noise Control And Compatibility Planning For Airports (AC 150/5020-1), or what have become commonly known as ‘FAR Part 150 Studies.' (Gesell, 1992) These Noise and Land Use Compatibility Studies consider and evaluate programs to reduce the impact of airport noise on communities. Through fiscal year 1998, there are currently 235 airports participating in the program, 217 airports have received Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) grants for Part 150 studies, and 193 have been approved for Noise Compatibility Programs (FAA, 1998). Aircraft noise is also being reduced through technological advances and procedural techniques. Engineers have designed quieter engines and made airframe modifications, but opposition groups feel a lot more needs to be done. Aircraft designers feel they are at a point where any further advances will be technically difficult, very costly, and degrade aircraft performance (Wells, 1996). With the growth of aviation at its current rate, numbers of flights are going to increase. This can only mean more noise, even if it is a little quieter. Deregulation of the airline industry has changed the way companies do business. The turning point was the Airline Deregulation Act, approved by Congress on Oct. 24, 1978 and signed into law by President Carter. Many of the benefits are positive, for instance lower fares and more choices. This has created a massive impact and dramatic increase in the number of passengers throughout the system. Domestic and international air travel have grown by staggering proportions over the last several decades, and that growth is expected to continue. Citing President Clinton's policies and the third longest economic expansion since World War II, Secretary of Transportation, Rodney E. Slater, announced that U.S. airlines have recorded a third straight year of strong growth; an encouraging sign that a continued upward trend is expected into the 21st Century. That announcement came on the heels of the release of the FAA's commercial aviation forecast, which revealed that an unprecedented 605 million people flew on the nation's air carriers in 1996 with enplanements expected to grow to nearly one billion by 2008 (Slater, 1997). Technological advances, developments in commerce and marketing and continuing changes in the airline industry are likely to fuel this growth. However, this projected growth will be impossible unless we adequately invest in the infrastructure to support it. The national airport system is the heart of that infrastructure. Failure to invest in needed capacity-enhancing projects, such as additional runways, runway extensions or new airport construction would severely hamper the growth of the industry and ultimately undermine the ability of our nation to compete in the global economy. Noise pollution affects millions of Americans, but citizens disturbed by aircraft noise constitute one of the most vocal groups speaking out against noise. Opposition groups like the Regional Commission on Airport Affairs and the US-Citizens Aviation Watch are growing in strength and have the potential of global reach through the World Wide Web. Airport noise can seriously affect the health and psychological well-being of those effected, especially when continued exposure is present. It has been the greatest barrier to building a new airport or its expansion. The government is not standing idly by. Many programs such as the Noise and Land Use Compatibility Studies have been put into action and are making funds available to help alleviate the problems in communities hardest hit. Aviation enplanements are growing. Forecasters are predicting that traffic shows no sign of decreasing well into the new century. This projected growth will be impossible unless we adequately invest in the infrastructure to support it.

Mathematics, the Connection Between Art and Science Essay

Although there are many differences that set art and science apart, they share one undeniable commonality. This bond that is present between what is otherwise considered as polar opposites is mathematics. As shown in Professor Vesna’s lecture, mathematics is imperative to the development of art. Through math, artists have come to understand perspective, proportion, and geometrics. In terms of science, mathematics is the foundation which every theory stands upon. Nature, humans, and the digital world would have been impossible to comprehend without numbers to bridge the gap between the unknown and the understood. Truly, mathematics is ubiquitous and continues to prove its importance to this day. A novel amalgamation that consists of mathematics, art, and science is music. Milkman, an artist of the mash-up genre, is a musician that samples different songs and digitally combines them to form a brand new track. In a way, his work is described as an example of cross synthesis or convultion which according to Burk is some aspect of one sound superimposed on another. To harmoniously combine two different songs, one must fully understand every possible correlation in terms of rhythm, melody, and lyrics. And with mathematics and science making the technology available, the art of mashing up songs has become readily accessible and requires only creativity to create the next hit single. Mathematics has almost an infinite range of applications in society today. For example, Robert Lang presents mathematics as part of the core that drives origami, the art of folding paper. Lang shows that complexity is irrelevant; with mathematics to dictate origami, anything can be shaped. Because of its practicality of compacting large things, origami is used in various sectors of science which include telescope lens packing and heart stents. Another example of math’s prevalence is Theo Jansen’s presentation on his kinetic sculptures. His biological art, able to move independently, essentially redefines the wheel. Not only is it artistic but also it is a masterpiece of engineering; just a simple push can propel a massively heavy structure across difficult terrain. It is evident that math not only facilitates the evolution of artistic creations but also helps apply them as potential solutions to problems of today.

Improve own & team practice in schools Essay

Team work in schools is important as it’s a development not only for you but also for others. It helps to build a positive relationship with those that are within your team, as well as showing that there is support for one another within the structure. Whatever the size the school you work in, you will be part of a group of people who each have a different role to fulfil while working to support individuals or groups of pupils. Whilst each member of the team know and understand their own role, they should also know and understand the roles of other team members, and how they all fit together in a school environment. Where there is team work, responsibilities and tasks are shared between the team, therefor, the tasks will be completed more effectively and also in a good time scale. Each team member has their own skills and expertise, communicating with them not only increases your own knowledge and skills, but also allows you to understand your own role within the team. Communication is a very important tool in team work; you can ask for advice or even give advice about certain subjects or topics, as well as sharing ideas on them too. When it comes to the pupils, communicating between each other is very important as you will share information on the child such as the child’s welfare, medical information or even their progress within the classroom. When adults are working effectively together, working as part of a team, the children will see them as role models and will follow, copy and mimic what they see. They will not only use this in and around the school, but also when they are at home. To a parent this shows that the school is setting a good example to its pupils, which in turn will give the school respectively high standards and a great reputation. 3. 2 As well as working and having shared roles, the team must have clear purpose and objectives. The main purpose of team work are: To provide a safe environment for the pupils. To motivate the pupils to use their full intellectual potential. To support the pupils development. To support and respect one and other. In the setting to which I am part of a team, there are a number of purposes and objectives of my team in which they work, for example working in a team makes things easier for everyone. This could be with activities, paperwork, observations, snack times etc, this makes our school run more easily and effectively. Our schools main objectives is to create a safe educational environment for the pupils to learn in and also help them to develop in all areas. Our setting offers a variety of activities for the children to take part in, such as health and beauty, life skills, fun fit leisure and employability. These will help the pupils to develop in areas that focus on individual development rather than development of the group on the whole. These will help the individual pupil reach the goals set for them and prepare them for when they leave school into a working environment. 3. 3 My own role and responsibilities as teaching assistant is to work under the instruction and guidance of the teaching staff and senior staff. I work in a Post 16+ Special Needs School. We have about 12 student that attend our school, all having individual needs. I work with the class teacher, supporting learning for the pupils and providing general support to the teacher in the management of the pupils and the classroom as well as the outdoor activities. My role as a teaching assistant is to take on tasks such as to supervise the pupils, to ensure they have the correct tools to which is needed for the lesson to which is being taught and to ensure the pupils clear up afterwards, this allows the teacher to concentrate on teaching. To support pupils with particular individual needs, sometimes my role is to work one to one, while others work in small groups or work with one of these groups. The teacher is not able to give every pupil individual attention, assistants provide essential support to the pupils and the lead teacher. My responsibilities also include: †¢ Supervising creative activities (e. g. when the pupils use scissors, glue or even using the computer). †¢ giving support to pupils (individually or groups) who need support in a particular task. †¢ helping pupils to learn through role play or other play activities. †¢ offering support and understanding to those who are upset. It is essential to have effective open communication with others within the team through regular meetings to ensure you have a clear plan of yours and others roles and to be able to establish any action plans and deadlines that are in place. This will give you an understanding of how what you are doing fits into the whole team and school. 3. 4 The reason why it is important in respecting the skills and expertise of others is to develop a good working relationship with other members of your team. Each member of the team is equally as important as the other members of the team; as they will all bring something uniquely different to the team. When shared, via communicating, with each other, you can learn new skills and techniques, which then helps to develop your ongoing learning. It is always respectful to listen to the opinions of others as well as listening to their knowledgeable ideas. This is not only showing that you respect them as a person, but also their contributions to your development, and it also helps to develop a good working relationship with them. For a new member to join the team, they may feel intimidated in offering input at first. They may have new ideas on how to progress or help with something, but may not offer it in order to avoid any conflict with those who have been there for some time before they started. On the other hand, if a new member were to join the team and they said that something should be done differently, without listening to the opinions and advice of others, this may cause unease and problems within the team.

Earthquakes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Earthquakes - Research Paper Example As a result, pressure is build up where the plates collide or bend, and the rocks develop cracks or faults that allow them to release the buildup energy, because of the strain. Earthquakes can hence occur at the boundaries or even in middle of the plates, based on where the strain is build up. The paper also gives latest discoveries and unanswered question on how to tell the timing of an earthquake. Keywords: Collide, Earthquakes, Strain, Energy, Boundaries, Magnitude, Seismologists, Seismograph, Faults, Tectonic Plates Introduction Earthquakes are natural disasters that have devastating effects on the environment. They often go unnoticed, and only those with a magnitude capable of being detected are reported or felt on the earth’s surface. According to FEMA, earthquakes are sudden earth shakes or tremors that result from the shifting and breaking of subterranean rocks, as they release accumulated strain build up for a long period (n.d.). It results in immediate effects and th e secondary ones caused by the tremors. Major earthquakes are known to have occurred in Alaska, China, and Japan, but more severe cases are also common along the pacific’s known ring of fire towards the west and south coasts of USA. Millions of lives have been lost, damages worth billions of investment, and aftermath displacement of populations have been recorded over history. Geological Features of Earthquakes To understand the concept of earthquake development, one needs to go back to the study of the earth’s content. The structure of the earth can be categorized into four major components, the inner core (solid part made up of nickel and iron), the outer core (molten nickel and iron), the mantle (third layer from the inside and made up of molten rocks), and the outermost earth’s crust, which has the lightest components of all. The crust is known to host a lot of human welfares and is made up of different types of rocks depending on their origin. The thin laye r of crust and the top of the mantle make most of the earth’s surface. However, they appear as one entity, despite being made up of many entities or pieces to cover the earth surface. These pieces move around and along each other making the earth’s surface to be in a continuous slow motion. The number of pieces and their movement give the impression of pieces in a puzzle. The pieces are the tectonic plates and float on the molten rocks of the mantle. The tectonic plate theory: The entire earth is covered by Lithosphere that comprise of the continental and oceanic plates that are in constant motion. They slide over the uppermost layer of the mantle (plastic aesthenosphere), and end up causing a geological process where they interact, which explains the concept of continental drift and sea floor spreading. The tectonic plates create movements under, over, past, and away, rubbing each other along their boundaries, whose effects are plates interlocking, stretching or bendi ng where they fail to release the accumulated energy (Coppola, 2011). The boundaries of the plates are rough edges and made up of many faults from which the earthquakes initiate. When the plates collide, some of the rough boundaries interlock; the intense pressure may cause the rocks to heat up and bend to create hilly areas, or spontaneous break to form